科學(xué)家開發(fā)出腫瘤免疫治療新方法
澳大利亞EnGeneIC公司Himanshu Brahmbhatt及其團(tuán)隊(duì)開發(fā)出治療腫瘤的細(xì)胞免疫療法：一種由腫瘤靶向的、細(xì)胞毒性藥物包裝微生物來源的納米細(xì)胞所引發(fā)的途徑。2020年3月16日出版的《癌細(xì)胞》發(fā)表了這項(xiàng)成果。
研究人員證明，靶向腫瘤的EDV納米細(xì)胞可作為一種免疫療法，主要通過與免疫系統(tǒng)的激活相結(jié)合運(yùn)輸細(xì)胞毒素來進(jìn)行。這些納米細(xì)胞極化M1巨噬細(xì)胞并激活NK細(xì)胞，同時(shí)產(chǎn)生Th1細(xì)胞因子反應(yīng)，從而產(chǎn)生有效的抗腫瘤功能。
隨后發(fā)生樹突狀細(xì)胞成熟和抗原呈遞，從而產(chǎn)生腫瘤特異性CD8 + T細(xì)胞，從而緩解腫瘤進(jìn)展。細(xì)胞毒素的傳遞與先天性和適應(yīng)性抗腫瘤免疫反應(yīng)的激活相結(jié)合，可產(chǎn)生有效的細(xì)胞免疫治療方法，在臨床腫瘤學(xué)中具有潛力。
研究人員表示，免疫療法已成為對(duì)抗癌癥的強(qiáng)有力的新篇章。然而，部分由于腫瘤免疫應(yīng)答的復(fù)雜性，它尚未發(fā)揮其全部潛力。
附：英文原文
Title: Cyto-Immuno-Therapy for Cancer: A Pathway Elicited by Tumor-Targeted, Cytotoxic Drug-Packaged Bacterially Derived Nanocells
Author: Sharon M. Sagnella, Lu Yang, Gemma E. Stubbs, Ebru Boslem, Estefania Martino-Echarri, Katarzyna Smolarczyk, Stacey L. Pattison, Natasha Vanegas, Eva St. Clair, Stephen Clarke, John Boockvar, Jennifer A. MacDiarmid, Himanshu Brahmbhatt
Issue&Volume: 2020/03/16
Abstract: Immunotherapy has emerged as a powerful new chapter in the fight against cancer. However,it has yet to reach its full potential due in part to the complexity of the cancerimmune response. We demonstrate that tumor-targeting EDV nanocells function as animmunotherapeutic by delivering a cytotoxin in conjunction with activation of theimmune system. These nanocells polarize M1 macrophages and activate NK cells concurrentlyproducing a Th1 cytokine response resulting in potent antitumor function. Dendriticcell maturation and antigen presentation follows, which generates tumor-specific CD8+ T cells, conferring prolonged tumor remission. The combination of cytotoxin deliveryand activation of innate and adaptive antitumor immune responses results in a potentcyto-immunotherapeutic with potential in clinical oncology.
DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2020.02.001
Source: https://www.cell.com/cancer-cell/fulltext/S1535-6108(20)30090-8
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